3/24/2023 0 Comments Spore song solar ashBark beetles and fungi have formed complex associations during long-term co-evolution, resulting in the ability for the beetles to carry ophiostomatoid fungi ( Six, 2012). Spruce forests in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in Europe, have been severely affected by bark beetles of genus Ips (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) ( Hlásny et al., 2021). In recent years, pest outbreaks have been accelerated by climate change and increasing international trade. The genus consists of approximately 50 species, including 20 species and five varieties found in China ( Chen, 2013). Spruce is an evergreen woody plant that is distributed in cold temperate and subalpine regions. Overall, these results facilitate a better understanding of the interaction mechanism between the dominant association of beetles and the host at the molecular level. bicolor possibly induces the host defense rather than defense depletion, which is likely the pattern conducted by the pioneers of beetle-associated mycobiota, such as Endoconidiophora spp. The enriched pathways may reveal the immune response mechanism of spruce to ophiostomatoid fungi. The expression of monoterpenoid precursor synthesis genes and diterpenoid synthesis genes was upregulated, indicating that gene expression regulated the release rate of monoterpenoids at 4 dpi. Transcriptomic analysis at 4 dpi showed that many plant-pathogen interaction processes and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) metabolic processes were activated. Furthermore, the release rate of monoterpenoids peaked at 4 days post-inoculation (dpi) and then decreased from 4 to 90 dpi. A positive correlation between fungal virulence and release of monoterpenoids was observed. bicolor strains could induce monoterpenoid release. bicolor was a weakly virulent pathogen of spruce, and that the virulent of the five O. bicolor strains (TS, BH, QH, MX, and LWQ). The aim of this study was to observe the pathological physiology and molecular changes in Picea koraiensis seedlings after artificial inoculation with O. Host spruce trees resist fungal invasion through structural and inducible defenses, but the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level, particularly with respect to the interaction between bark beetle-associated fungi and host trees, remain unclear. Ophiostoma bicolor is one of the dominant species of the mycobiota associated with Ips genus bark beetles which infect the spruce trees across the Eurasian continent. Ophiostomatoid fungi exhibit a complex relationship with bark beetles exhausting of host tree defenses is traditionally regarded as one of the key benefits provided to beetle vectors.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |